Mechanical losses are caused by friction between two surfaces that are passing by each other at some speed. Optimization of scroll machine performance must take all of these interactions into account. A reduction in the discharge pressure drop can increase the leakage losses. For instance, mechanical losses contribute to a decrease in volumetric efficiency by heating the gas in the suction chamber. The different loss mechanisms are linked. In general, the losses in scroll machines fall into one of the following categories: mechanical losses, leakage losses, heat transfer, pressure drop, and over- or under-compression losses. To understand the amount of electrical power required for the machine, we must understand the factors that contribute to a non-ideal compression process. Figure 1: Energy Flows in a Scroll Machine Based on Efficiency Estimates In addition, losses like leakage and heat transfer tend to decrease the amount of fluid that can be pumped by the machine, thereby decreasing the volumetric efficiency. Like other types of compressors, scroll machines (compressors and vacuum pumps) do not carry out ideal compression processes, and the required power input is always higher due to inefficiencies. Even if the compression process is ideal, thermodynamics dictates that mechanical power is required to carry out this compression process. When a scroll compressor or vacuum pump is selected for an application, the ultimate goal is to compress a low-pressure gas at the inlet of the machine and turn it into a compressed gas at the outlet. In this article, we answered some of the most frequently asked questions about scroll compressors and learned about a scroll compressor's components and operation principles.An introduction to scroll technology efficiencies and associated losses. In the case of an LG Gen 3 Scroll compressor, various protection components such as a thermal protector, and internal pressure relief valve prevent the compressor from overheating and malfunctioning. Scroll compressors have excellent motor performance, reduced friction, and high cooling and heating performance. What are the advantages of a scroll compressor?Īs we learned above, a scroll compressor has fewer moving parts meaning lesser wear and tear on the system making them more durable and reliable. Scroll compressors are known to be more efficient which translates to higher cooling efficiency than a standard reciprocating compressor. In short, a scroll compressor has fewer parts than a piston compressor also commonly known as the reciprocating compressor.ĭue to fewer moving parts, a scroll compressor has a smoother and quieter operation compared to a piston compressor. What is the difference between a scroll and a piston compressor?Ī scroll compressor only requires two scrolls to compress the refrigerant, whereas, a piston compressor uses two or more cylinders and multiple valves for compression. The refrigerant compressed in this way is discharged through the top and flows back into the system. The refrigerant moves along the spiral shape inside the wrap in a circular motion, increasing its temperature and pressure. The fixed scroll (on the upper side) and the orbiting scroll (on the lower side) are interlocked and as the motor runs the scroll wrap moves in the form of a rotating curve to compress the refrigerant flowing into the space inside the wrap. The lower orbiting scroll combined with the motor’s shaft receives power from the motor. Scroll compressors also have safety components such as a thermal protector, internal pressure relief valve, discharge check valve, and overload protector to protect the compressor from damage. These two can further be divided into smaller subcomponents such as – scroll wrap, fixed scroll, orbiting scroll, motor, bypass valves, etc. The mechanical section is where the compression takes place and the electrical section, which consists of a motor, is responsible for providing electrical energy to the compression chamber. It consists of two scrolls: a fixed scroll and an orbiting scroll, which are responsible for compressing the refrigerant.Ī scroll compressor consists of two main sections: mechanical and electrical section. And one of the most widely used compressors in these systems is a scroll compressor.Ī scroll compressor is a positive-displacement compressor that uses scrolls for compressing the refrigerant. The most common examples would be an air conditioner and a refrigerator. Compressors are some of the most important mechanical devices used for both: heating and cooling systems. We are surrounded by compressors in our everyday lives, even if we do not realize it.
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